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Scientific Support for Fully & Highly Protected Areas

At Marine Conservation Institute, we strive to base our work and advocacy on the best available science. The following sections highlight some of the key scientific literature that provides evidence of the biological, ecological, economic, and social benefits of fully and highly protected areas, as well as the need to increase MPA coverage to 30% by 2030. It is by no means an exhaustive bibliography of MPA science, but a sampling of the existing literature.

Photo: The Ocean Agency | NOAA Fisheries
Photo: The Ocean Agency | NOAA Fisheries